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Cardiac Transplantation for Pediatric and Congenital Cardiac Disease

Muhammad Faateh, MBBS, Elizabeth H. Stephens, MD, PhD, Jeffrey P. Jacobs, MD, Carl Backer, MD, Awais Ashfaq, MD, Dipankar Gupta, MD, Giles J. Peek, MD, Mark S. Bleiweis, MD, Awais Ashfaq, MD, Joeseph A. Dearani, MD

Key Points

  • Pediatric heart transplantation accounts for a small but growing share of total heart transplants - annual numbers have nearly doubled in the past two decade
  • Cardiomyopathy and congenital heart disease are the leading indications for pediatric heart transplantation, with proportions varying by age group.
  • Contemporary practice includes the increasing use of Ventricular Assist Devices rather than extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as a bridge to cardiac transplantation.

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Last updated: May 7, 2026